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Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)

Researchers at McGill university recently found that a small area of the human genome plays an important role in the development of mental illness and obesity. The research indicates that the gene deletion of BDNF is related to emotion and anxiety. BDNF is the growth factor of the nervous system and plays a crucial role in brain development.
To determine the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factors in humans, professor Carl Ernst, of the department of psychiatry at McGill university, and others screened more than 35,000 patients who were screened for genes in clinics and more than 30,000 healthy controls. Overall, five people identified as BDNF deficient were obese, or had mild to moderate mental retardation, or mood disorders. Scientists have been trying to figure out which regions in the genome play a role in human psychopathology, professor Ernst said, and the study concluded that a region in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor genome is indeed linked to mood and anxiety. The findings, published in the Archives of General Psychiatry, are the first to show a link between BDNF loss and cognitive and weight gain. Based on animal studies, BDNF has long been suspected of having links to many functions in the brain, but there is no definitive research showing what happens when brain-derived neurotrophic factors are lost from the human genome.
The new research could help better understand how genes are involved in regulating human behavior and emotions. Ernst added: "we are now convinced that a molecular pathway involving psychopathology involves thousands of genes involved in the regulation of mood, anxiety or obesity. In this study, all the participants had mild to moderate intellectual disabilities, but those with cognitive problems did not have mental problems, so what does the absence of BDNF actually do to mood? Now researchers hope to test whether increased expression of BDNF can improve brain health in patients with anxiety or depression.
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